持续性高藻输入河道温室气体时空排放特征及其影响因素     

张璐  荀凡  沈悦  柯凡  杜先  陈新芳  冯慕华 《湖泊科学》2022,34(3):752-765

淡水水生生态系统是大气中温室气体气体重要的"源",对于城市的动脉——城市河流(尤其是持续性高藻输入河道)温室气体的研究比较匮乏.太湖梅梁湖的高藻水排入地梁溪河是典型的高藻输入河道,月均藻密度为3.6×107 cells/L,夏季日均藻密度为1.2x108 cells/L.本文以梁溪河为研究对象,采用静态箱法测定了梁溪河...  相似文献   

下刚果盆地深水沉积中新统层序划分及其控制因素     

张笑  王振奇  李士涛  刘启亮  李健 《海洋地质前沿》2011,(10):27-33

对于具有较宽陆架的下刚果盆地,当相对海平面下降时期,陆架区沉积中心向外陆架迁移,形成陆架边缘三角洲.其为深水区提供大量陆源碎屑物质,使低位体系域发育碎屑流沉积、浊流水道及前端扇体系;当相对海平面上升时期,沉积中心后退至内/中陆架,使深水区海侵十高位体系域以深海、半深海原地泥质沉积及泥质碎屑流沉积为主.深水层序以凝缩层段...  相似文献   

开茂水库工程岩溶勘察     

郭建平 《中国勘察设计》2011,(6):89-91

开茂水库区岩溶发育十分复杂,发育程度在空间分布上和规模上具有差异性,在时间上形成多期次岩溶,众多影响岩溶发育的因素相互影响、相互作用。准确、完全地查明库区岩溶现象,几乎不可能,建议在重点处理已经查明的岩溶通道的基础上,预留一定的工作量,待水库蓄水后,根据蓄水后实际情况,在必要情况下进行局部、重点处理。  相似文献   

A Review of “Eden on the Charles,The Making of Boston”     

Arthur Krim 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):470-472

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杭州湾北部潮流深槽区细颗粒物质输运与再悬浮过程   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

杨旸  高抒  汪亚平 《海洋学报》2008,30(2):92-101

于2005年5月大潮期间在杭州湾北部潮流深槽区的4个站位进行潮周期观测,获得了流速、悬沙等数据,并对其进行了分析,计算了水沙通量和再悬浮通量。分析结果表明,该深槽区涨潮流速大于落潮流速,涨潮历时小于落潮历时,潮差自湾口向湾内方向增大;悬沙的组分以粉砂为主,分选较差,偏态以负偏为主,这些特征与底质一致;深槽中部和东部的悬沙沿岸线向湾内方向输运;深槽西部和东部外侧的悬沙输运方向与余流方向一致,分别向湾内和南部输运;除转流和流速加速初期外,垂线流速分布符合Kûrmûn-Prandtl模型,摩阻流速与垂线平均流速变化趋势一致。计算得到的表观粗糙长度在涨落潮时段的水流加速或减速阶段都呈增大趋势,且数值较大,这难以把它简单地归结为床面形态的作用,表观粗糙长度的变化趋势可能是高悬沙浓度和浓度成层性共同作用的结果,但对这一假说的验证还有待于进一步的现场观测和机制分析。计算所得的再悬浮发生的周期性与实测悬沙浓度的周期性相符,而且最大悬沙浓度的出现滞后于最大再悬浮通量,说明再悬浮作用对水层中悬沙浓度的变化具有重要影响。  相似文献   

STUDY ON FREQUENCY CODING ANTI—INTERFERENCE SYSTEM FOR DATA TRANSMISSION IN SHALLOW WATER ACOUSTIC CHANNELS     

许肖梅  粘宝卿  刘志鑫  许鹭芬  黄衍镇 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(4):309-315

Achieving reliable underwater communication in shallow water acoustic channels is a difficult because of the random time-varying nature of multipath propagation,severe amplitude fluctuation,and spatial variability of the channel conditions.This paper describes a new signal processing technique-frequency coding and decoding by means of real-time measurement of signal width,jamming and suppressing multipath interference and using redundant coder.The application of the technique to thd model ZTY-1 status monitor for underwater system of seabed is introduced in this paper.The main principle,the technique specifications and the key techniques of the system are discussed here.Theoretical estimations and experimental results proved that the performance of the system is excellent.The method can be used for some other related low-data-rate data transmission detecting in shallow water acoustic channel.  相似文献   

Sedimentary characteristics and seismic geomorphology of gravity-flow channels in a rift basin: Oligocene Shahejie Formation,Qinan Slope,Huanghua Depression of Bohai Bay Basin,China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

Deep-water gravity-flow sandstones are important hydrocarbon exploration and production targets in the Bohai Bay Basin, a Paleogene intra-continental rift basin in eastern China. In this paper, the seismic-sedimentology techniques are used to characterize, in plan view, the temporal and spatial evolution of a gravity-flow-channel complex of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation (Es) on the Qinan faulted-monoslope (Qinan Slope), Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that two or three gravity-flow channels, 9–12 km long and 0.5–2 km wide, were successively developed in later Es (Es1z–Es1s). The channels initially experienced westward migration and then shifted eastward. The corresponding wireline logs of the channel-fill sequences mainly present blocky-shaped or bell-like configurations, whereas their seismic profile features are characterized by strong amplitude reflections, such as U-shaped, plate-like, spindle-shaped and lenticular configurations.The syndepositional activity of three normal faults, i.e., the Nandagang Fault to the northwest, the Zhangbei Fault to the northeast and the Zhaobei Fault to the east led to gradient changes of the Qinan Slope, which have controlled the plan morphology (width, curvature, and bifurcation) of the gravity-flow channels. In the medium-late period of Es1z, triggered by intensive faulting on the three faults, the gradient of the Qinan Slope was steepened abruptly, resulting in an increase of flow velocity and erosion amplitude to underlying deposits. As a result, channels exhibiting narrow and straight configurations in plan view were formed. During the stage of early Es1z and Es1s, tectonic activity intensity was relatively low and the gradient of the Qinan Slope was gentle, so channels with great width and curvature were bifurcated and merged downstream.Comparison of the faulting amplitude of the three syndepositional faults suggests that the Nandagang and Zhaobei faults were inversely strengthened in the Es1z and Es1s. The Nandagang Fault to the west was found to be more active than the Zhaobei Fault to the east in the Es1z stage. This condition was reversed in Es1s. For that reason, the channels migrated to the west in the Es1z stage and then went back to the east during Es1s.Core analysis shows that the channel fills are mainly composed of sandy-debrites, slumps and turbidites. Among them, sandy debrites dominate deposition in terms of reservoir volume and hydrocarbon potential. These units primarily consist of sandstones and gravel-bearing sandstones, with bed thicknesses ranging from 10 to 40 m, an average porosity of 11% and a permeability of 25 mD. Being mostly encased in organic-rich dark mudstones, these sandy debrites are significant hydrocarbon exploration targets.The results of this study are not only useful to the hydrocarbon exploration and development planning for the Qinan Slope, but also helpful when considering other faulted-depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin and other intra-continent rifted basins around the world, particularly in terms of gravity-flow hydrocarbon exploration and research.  相似文献   

Abandoned channel fill sequences in the tidal estuary of a small mountainous,dry‐summer river          下载免费PDF全文

Andrew B. Gray  Gregory B. Pasternack  Elizabeth B. Watson  Miguel A. Goñi 《Sedimentology》2016,63(1):176-206

This study proposes a modification of the current model for abandoned channel fill stratigraphy produced in unidirectional flow river reaches to incorporate seasonal tidal deposition. Evidence supporting this concept came from a study of two consecutive channel abandonment sequences in Ropers Slough of the lower Eel River Estuary in northern California. Aerial photographs showed that Ropers Slough was abandoned around 1943, reoccupied after the 1964 flood, and abandoned again in 1974 with fill continuing to the present. Planform geomorphic characteristics derived from these images were used in conjunction with sub‐centimetre resolution stratigraphic analyses to describe depositional processes and their resultant sedimentary deposits. Both abandonment sequences recorded quasi‐annual scale fluvial/tidal deposition couplets. In both cases, tidal deposits contained very little sand, were higher in organic and inorganic carbon content than the sandier, fluvially dominated deposits, and possessed millimetre‐scale horizontal laminations. The two abandonment fills differed significantly in terms of the temporal progression of channel narrowing and fluvial sediment deposition characteristics. Aerial photographic analysis showed that the first abandonment sequence led to a more rapid narrowing of Ropers Slough and produced deposits with a positive relationship between grain size/deposit thickness and discharge. The second abandonment resulted in a much slower narrowing of Ropers Slough and generally thinner fluvial deposits with no clear relationship between grain size/deposit thickness and discharge. The δ¹³C values and organic nitrogen to organic carbon ratios of deposits from the first phase overlapped with Eel River suspended sediment characteristics found for low flows (one to five times mean discharge), while those of the second phase were consistent with suspended sediment from higher flows (seven to ten times mean discharge). When considered together, the results indicate that the early fill sequence recorded a reach experiencing regular fluvial deposition through flow conditions during the wet season, while the latter fill sequence records a reach more disconnected from the main stem in terms of flow and sediment. The major factor affecting the difference in sedimentation between the two fill periods appears to have been the morphology of the upstream river bend in relation to the position of the bifurcation node. During the first fill period, the upstream entrance to Ropers Slough seems to have remained open, in part due to the placement of its entrance on the outside of the mainstem river bend, and despite stronger tidal effects caused by a larger tidal prism and closer proximity to the tidal inlet. By the second fill sequence, the upstream bend morphology had altered, placing the entrance to Ropers Slough on the inner bank of the mainstem bend, which resulted in more rapid plug bar formation. The role of tidal effects in the geomorphic trajectory of the two abandonment sequences is unclear, but appears to have been less important than local bifurcation geometry.  相似文献   

水下机器人视频图像高效压缩方法研究     

李庆忠  王冰 《热带海洋学报》2009,28(4):1-5

水下视频图像压缩一直是有限带宽水声信道实时传输海量视频数据的关键技术之一。本文首先介绍了目前水下机器人和水下视频图像压缩研究存在的主要问题，并综合分析了目前几种高效视频压缩方法的特点并探讨了进一步研究的方向。此外，根据水下视频的成像特点，提出了高效的全局与局部运动混合补偿方案和基于小波变换的预处理方法。初步实验结果表明：本文提出的预处理方法可以有效去除视频图像中存在的大量视觉冗余和空间冗余，提出的混合运动补偿方案可以获得很高的压缩编码效率；但必须进一步研究快速、有效的全局运动估计方法。  相似文献   

A model of submarine channel-levee evolution based on channel trajectories: Implications for stratigraphic architecture   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zoltán SylvesterAlessandro Cantelli 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(3):716-727

Channel-levee systems are frequently interpreted as having a long history of cut-and-fill by channel-shaped features of different scales. Results from a simple geometric model based on a centerline migration algorithm combined with a vertical channel trajectory show that an incising-to-aggrading trajectory of a single channel can produce realistic morphologies similar to systems observed on the seafloor and subsurface, including features such as a basal erosional surface, coeval inner and outer levees, internal erosional boundaries, and terraces draped by inner levee deposits. Channel migration results in composite erosional surfaces that are distinct from topographic surfaces, and their formation does not require larger than usual erosional flows. Many submarine channels interpreted as underfit were probably carved by flows similar to the ones that eroded and deposited the entire channel system. We suggest that the features of most submarine channel-levee systems do not require large temporal variations in flow magnitude but can be explained by a simpler model whereby incision, migration and aggradation of a single channel form over time results in an apparently complex system.  相似文献